Microsoft word - kemikaaliherkkyys diagnoosi antila 2.doc

Liite Suomen hajuste- ja kemikaaliyliherkät ry:n lausuntoon STM:lle kemikaaliherkkyyden lisäämiseksi ICD-10 tautiluokitukseen Viite Muistio STM/4340/2013. MCS, suom. kemikaaliherkkyys Diagnoosin nimi Historia Tila tunnettu ainakin vuodesta 1987. 1996 WHO:n asiantuntijaryhmä on ehdottanut oireyhtymän nimeksi idiopaattinen ympäristösairaus (IEI). Tähän ryhmään on nimetty useita sairauksia kuten Gulf war sdr, sairasrakennus-oireyhtymä (SBS), sähköyliherkkyys (EHS). PubMed-tietokantahaussa on yli 276 artikkelia, joista 13 katsausartikkelia. Diagnoosiluokitusehdotus ICD-10 Myrkytykset : S00–T98 Vammat, myrkytykset ja eräät muut ulkoisten syiden seuraukset T65.9 Määrittämättömän aineen myrkkyvaikutukset Diagnostiset kriteerit Etiologia 1. Altistuminen ja herkistyminen kemikaaleille, usein sarja useampia altistumisia vaihtelevan pituisia aikoja 2. Altistumisen jatkuminen tai toistuminen siten että entistä pienemmät annokset laukaisevat vaikeampia oireita ja herkkyys oireenmuodostukselle kasvaa 3. Herkistyminen laajenee koskemaan monia kemiallisesti erilaisia aineita 4. Oireet helpottavat kun altistukset vähenevät (1) 5. Sairautta on pidettävä kroonisena, parantavaa hoitoa ei tunneta Myrkkyvaikutuksesta voidaan puhua koska oirehistoria alkaa usein mikrobi- ja ympäristömyrkkyjen laukaisemana; kosteusvauriomikrobimyrkyt, biosidit, krooniset raskasmetallimyrkytykset. Tilan edettyä krooniseksi oireluksi oireita laukaisevat myös aineiden pitoisuudet ja tavalliset kemialliset aineet, joita ei ole luokiteltu myrkyllisiksi. Oireet Usein tyypillisesti alkaen hengitysteistä: Hengästyminen, hengityksen lamaantuminen, hyperventilaatio, äänen meneminen, Muissa elintoiminnoissa: rytmihäiriöt, ruoansulatusongelmat, vatsakivut, ihottumat, alentunut vastustuskyky, "kestoflunssa" Aivoissa: Ajattelemisen, keskittymisen ja muistamisen vaikeudet, opitun unohtaminen, unihäiriöt Aisteissa: Näkemis- ja kuulemisvaikeudet, koordinaatiovaikeudet (silmä ei ohjaa kättä) Tuki- ja liikuntaelimistössä: Lihassäryt, nivelsäryt, nykiminen, lihasheikkous, puutuminen Mielialassa: Masennus, ahdistuneisuus, ylivilkkaus, ärtyneisyys, motivaation puute Yleisoireina: Uupumus, heikotus, päänsärky, paineen tunne päässä, rintakivut, palelu, huimaus, pahoinvointi. Oirekysymyssarjat QEESI (2) Chemical Sensitivity Scale for Sensory Hyperreactivity (CSS-SHR) (3) CERAD muisti/kognitio-kysymyssarja (4) EUROQUEST (EQ) hermosto-oirekysely (5) Näkökontrastiherkkyys: visual contrast sensitivity-testiä (VCS) on käytetty Yhdysvalloissa (6) Diagnoosia tukevat laboratoriolöydökset Oksidatiivinen stressi Biokemiallisesti on todennettavissa monia hapetus/pelkistys-tasapainon heikentymiseen (red/ox ) korreloivia muutoksia kuten: proinflammatoristen sytokiinien nousu , katalaasiaktiivisuuden lasku (CAT) glutationitransferaasin lasku (GST ), glutationiperoksidaasin aktiivisuuden lasku (GSPx , sekä pelkistyneen että hapettuneen glutationin lasku (GSH/GSSG ) , lipidiperoksidien nousu ( LPO) (7,8). Typpioksidin/typpioksidiradikaalien nousu (9,10) Neopteriini: Varsinkin typpioksidiradikaalien merkittävä nousu on todennettavissa mm.seerumin tai virtsan neopteriinin nousuna, joka on indusoitavan typpioksidisyntetaasin merkkiaine ( iNOS-/ tulehdusmarkkeri) (11 ). L-citrulliini: Seerumin tai virtsan L-citrulliinin nousu viittaa lisääntyneeseen NO-tuottoon (11) NMDA-reseptorien/aktiivisuuden nousu (11) Mitokondriovirheet (13) Tulehdukselliset muutokset Sytokiiniaktiivisuuden muutokset (8) MSH: Proinflammatoriset sytokiinit vaurioittavat pitkässä juoksussa MSH-reseptoria ja alentavat MSH-tuottoa. Tri Ritchie Schoemaker pitää tärkeimpänä hometoksiini-(ja biotoksiini)-altistuksia kuvaavana mittarina seerumin alfaMSH:ta (melanosyytteja stimuloiva hormoni) (14). Poissulkudiagnoosit Paniikkihäiriö, paniikkikohtaus, allerginen reaktio Liitännäissairaudet Yksittäiset, osoitetut akuutit ja krooniset myrkytykset Helsingissä 01.12.2013 Erkki Antila FT, LL Funktionaalisen lääketieteen yhdistys ry puheenjohtaja info@fms.fi erkki.antila@pp.fimnet.fi
Kirjallisuus
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The 1999 Consensus Criteria for MCS (Bartha et al 1999):
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4. CERAD – Kognitiivinen tehtäväsarja http://www.cerad.fi/fi/etusivu

5. Hermosto-oirekysely Euroquest (EQ) Työterveyslaitos
http://www.ttl.fi/fi/terveys_ja_tyokyky/ammattitaudit/esimerkkeja_ammattitaudeista/liuotinai
nesairaudet/euroquest/Sivut/default.aspx
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